How to Read a Crochet Pattern: A Complete Beginner’s Guide

Reading Crochet Patterns

Learning to crochet is exciting—but when you open your first written pattern and see a line like:

“Ch 3, dc in next st, rep from * to end”

...you might feel like you’re reading a secret code.

Don’t worry—this guide will help you decode crochet patterns with ease. Whether you’re just getting started or struggling with your first pattern, this step-by-step tutorial will give you the confidence to understand and follow any crochet pattern.

What Is a Crochet Pattern?

A crochet pattern is a set of instructions that tells you how to make a specific item—like a hat, scarf, toy, or blanket. It usually includes:

• A materials list

• Abbreviated stitch instructions

• Gauge information

• Size and assembly details

• Optional charts or diagrams

  
  

Key Parts of a Crochet Pattern

1. Materials Needed

Most patterns will mention:

• Yarn weight and type

• Hook size

• Notions (e.g., stitch markers, darning needle)

Example:Yarn: Worsted Weight, 100gHook: 5.5 mm crochet hook (US I/9)

2. Gauge

Gauge is the number of stitches and rows per 4" (10 cm) square. It’s essential when making wearables or anything with sizing.

Example:Gauge: 14 sts x 10 rows = 4" in double crochet

Tip: Make a gauge swatch to ensure your stitches match the designer’s tension.

3. Stitch Abbreviations

Crochet patterns use abbreviations to save space. Here are common US crochet abbreviations:

Abbreviation	Meaning
ch	Chain
sc	Single Crochet
hdc	Half Double Crochet
dc	Double Crochet
tr	Treble Crochet
sl st	Slip Stitch
st(s)	Stitch(es)
sk	Skip
rep	Repeat
tog	Together (e.g., dc2tog)

Note: UK terminology is different! Always check if the pattern is written in US or UK terms.

4. Pattern Instructions

Let’s break down a sample pattern instruction:

“Ch 2, dc in next 5 sts, sk 2 sts, dc in next 3 sts; rep from to end.”

What it means:

• Chain 2

• Work 1 double crochet into each of the next 5 stitches

• Skip 2 stitches

• Double crochet in the next 3 stitches

• Repeat the section from the asterisk (*) to the end of the row

Pro Tip: Always read the row or round slowly and visualize or test it with your hook and yarn.

5. Special Stitches

Some patterns include custom stitches and will describe them at the top or in a special section.

Example:Shell stitch = 5 dc in the same stitch

Always read these before starting the pattern, especially if you’re unfamiliar with them.

6. Size, Assembly & Finishing

Patterns usually mention:

• Final size (e.g., "Finished width: 20 inches")

• How to join pieces (e.g., whip stitch or slip stitch)

• Final steps (e.g., weave in ends, block the item)

  
  

How to Approach a Crochet Pattern as a Beginner

Here’s a step-by-step checklist to follow:

1. Read the entire pattern before starting

2. Check whether it’s in US or UK terms

3. Highlight or list all materials you need

4. Read through special stitches and notes

5. Break each row into smaller parts

6. Use stitch markers to help with repeats

7. Count your stitches often to avoid errors

   
   

Bonus Tips

• Highlight rows or rounds as you go

• Follow along with a video tutorial if available

• Use stitch markers for the start of rounds or repeat sections

• Write down your stitch count per row for reference

• Take progress pictures—it helps you notice mistakes early

  
  

Final Thoughts

Learning how to read a crochet pattern may feel intimidating at first, but once you understand the language of stitches and abbreviations, it becomes second nature.

Every pattern you try is a learning opportunity—and before you know it, you’ll be reading patterns like a pro and even creating your own.

Have questions?

Feel free to comment below. I'm always happy to help fellow crocheters grow.